Pneumatic tool.



PATENTED AUG. 27, 1907 W. H. VAN SIUKEL.

PNEUMATIG TOOL. AIPLIUATION FILED MAR. za; 190e.

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"flo di rInI the'drawings: VFigure l is a view end` of thel piston chamber.

UNITED STATES PATENT oEEroEt;

' --WILBER H. vANsIoKEL, or PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA, AssIoNoR To Tno's. n.

DALLETT CO.,` A CORPORATION OF NEW JERSEY4 i T all `whom t't may concern: y `efit known that I, WILBER H. VAN SxeKEL, a citizen :i vof the United fiP iladelphia, andl State of Pennsylvania-have ind,v a new and useful. Improvement in Pneumatic Toolsnof which the following is a full, clear, and vexact esoription, reference being had tothe accompanying *ldraw A i'gs, whichform a part oithis specification, ,f,'",lilly`invention comprises certain new and useful imrovements in valvefmechanismfor pneumatic tools,

andi-the *connection With'the piston eha'niber. v

Iv'v'ill A'first describe the embodimentl of my invention A ,n ated inthe accompanying drawings and then point.` out `the invention i u the claims.

showing my improved'pneumatic tool with the parts in the position L yassume with piston at one` end, the upper, oi its A"stroke Fig. 2 is asimilar view with the parts in the ,position they assume with the piston at the other en d,

l a is -they piston chamber, with the piston ltherein hi a striking portion b, the enlarged upper portion ing. the groove d.

s the valve chamber communicating with the upper Y 'In this valve chamber c iis tlielhvllw valvef. This valve has on its exterior t he I 'inferential grooves g and h. The groove g has atthe'groove.` The groove h has leading from it ssages leading `tothe pocket or opposite side of QS ioulderhon valve.

mgl, are passages in constant connection with the au' 1 upplyand have connecting therewith the passages which in one position of valve register with the Qi; n ,fs an, exhaustpassage which, in the other position :,o the valve, registers with the groove g. ""-"o'-"fis Zapassage connected with on'eofipassages l and which in one position ofvalveis connected with groove 40 rid` p is a passage to the exhaust, registering with the lgrooveh in the other position ol the valve.

*q is a passage` leading from the lower end oi piston Achamber andy having passages r and s communicating therewith at its upper end.` One of the passages Z exttendstdownwarcl and opens into the piston chamber through port t. l *uf is `an exhaust port from piston chamber.

vVvalye.chamber atend of valve and at the other end having -two passages a: and r passage x entering piston Y .'ch'arnbergo,ppsite4 port t, andpassage yentering piston Opposite exhaust w- .f .y A The. perationfofthetool islas follows: 4The parte being inthe `position shown in Fig. l, the groove g is-in connection with air supply and air passes to top of pis- States, residing at Philadelphia, county.`

ces-t' connecting the exterior and interiorl ofj the "a `passage communicating at one end withthe Patented Aug. 27, 19o?.

ton chamber through orifices t'. The lower end ofl piston chamber is exhausting through exhaust open! ing w and passage q, passage s, groove h to exhaust. The piston moves downward until the port t registers with the groove d in piston. When this occurs,

air passes up through passage 2 to top of valve, sluiting the valve to position` shown in Fig. 2. This shift brings the groove ,o in line with the exhaust, and thus the pressure on top of piston is relieved.. The groove L is brought in connection `with air pressure supply, and air passes through passage 1' and q to bot- ,tom of piston chamber. Air is also admitted by groove h to-passage j, bringing air to pocket on opposite side* ofshoulder k. The pistonlnovesup." Until the piston has moved up far enough to Connect exhaust port w, and passage 2, the piston .closes the outlet of passage zfand hence'the valve is held down. Vv'lien,

however, the portrw is uncovered, the pressure ialls and the airl pressure-on top of valveisrelieved and at once the air in pocket. or opposite side oi shoulder le acts, shifting the valve from .the position of Fig. IZ toward that o Fig. l. ,This continues until the air supply to groove h is cut ofi, cutting off air to bottom of piston. At this pointair is just being admitted to groove 1/ and the groove h. is just openinginto exhaust passage p allowing the air in pocket to escape through f holes j, The air entering groove o passes to the interior of the valve and the piston chamber land as the pressure rises therein causes the air to act against the lower surfaceoi' the valve to complete the stroke oi the valve to the position of`Fig. l. v,Bythis arrangement I shiit the pressure for moving the valvein one direction'lrom one surface to another during its Amove` ment. By this arrangement I start the movement of the valve in this direction positively, and after partial movement oi the valve suficient to admit some air to top of the pistou` chamber, the pressure `causing this valve movement is cut oli and exhausted, and the movement of the Vvalve temporarily stopped. ,This condition arises before the piston has reached the upper end of its stroke. The air enteringfthe top of the piston chamber in this position oi the valve enters gradually and slowly, retarding the upward movement of thepiston and destroyingits momentum and giadually bring `ing the piston to rest, thereby lessening the vibration of the tool as ,originally constructed where the valve ,is

moved quickly and. continuously. throughoutV 1its en tire stroke, and thus the piston is broughtto rest and its direction of movement changed suddenly,v producing considerable vibration. In my tool, asV thev air gradually brings lthe piston to rest, it reacts to move' the valve the remainder o f its stroke so that when the Apiston is thus gradually brought to rest atthe endof its stroke full air pressure is ready to drive it in the op `posite direction.

lclaim and desire to protect by Letters Patent isz.

1. In a pneumatic tool, in combination, a valve chamber and a piston chamber, a piston in the piston chamber, and a valve in the valve ch'ambcr, saidvalve-having a circumferential groove and a contracted portion beyond said groove,-a passage or passages through the Xvall of said groove toward the contracted portion oi1 the valve', aApassage having openings into the valve chamber on one side thereof at different points, said passage extending to the piston chamber, passages from the other side of the valve chamber, one to the live air, the other to the exhaust, said passages being at points in the valve chamber corresponding respectively(y to tbe,piston chamber passage openings, the groove in the valve being adapted, in its move-A ment in one direction, to connect one .piston chamber passage opening witirthevexhaust and in its movement in the other direction, to connect the other piston chamber pas.

sage opening with the pressure supply.

2. In a pneumatic tool, in combination, a valve chamber and a piston chamber, a piston in the piston chamber, and a valve in the valve chamber, said valve having a circumferential groove and a contracted portion beyond said groove, a passage or passages through the wail of said groove toward the contracted portion of the valve, a passage having openings into the valve chamber on one side thereof. at diilerent points, said passage'extending to the piston chamber, passages from the other side of the valve chamber, one to the live air, the other to the exhaust, said passages being at points .in the valve chamber corresponding respectively to the piston chamber passage openings, the groove in the valve being adapted, in its movement in' one direction, to connect one pistonvchamber passage opening with the exhaust and 1n its movement in the other direction, to connect the other piston chamber passage opening with the pressure supply, a pressure surface for said valve of greater area than the wall of the groove at the contracted portion of the valve, and means to relieve the pressure on said surface when the groove is in connection with the live air passage.

3. In a pneumatic tool, in combination, a valve chamber and'a piston chamber, a piston in the piston chamber,

and a valve in the valve chamber, said valve having a v sage openings, the groove in the valve being adapted, inl

its' movement in one direction, to conpect one piston chamA ber passage opening with the exhaust and in its movement in the other direc'tlon, to connect the other piston chamber passage 'opening with the pressure supply, a pressure surface for said valve of greater area than the Wall of the groove at the contracted portion of the valve, a passagefrom said pressure surface to the piston chamber, a passage from the air supply to the piston chamber, a passage to the exhaust from the piston chamber, the piston in its` movement being adapted alternately to connect the pressure surface passage with the air pressure supply and exhaust. I

4. In a pneumatic tool, in combination, a valve chamber and a piston chamber, a piston in the piston chamber, und a. valve in the valve chamber, said valve having a vcircumferential groove and a contracted portion beyond said groove, a passage or'passages through the'wall of said groove toward thecontracted portion of the valve, a

passage having openings into the valve chamber on one side thereof at `diilerentpoint's, said passage extending to the piston chamber; passages fromthe otlr side of the valve chamber, one to the live air, the other to thel exhaust, said passages being at p oints in the valve chamher corresponding respectively to the piston chamber passage openings, the groove in the valve being adapted, in lts movement ln one direction, to connect oneplston chamber passage opening with the exhaust and in its movement in the other direction, to connect the other piston chamber passage opening with the pressure supply, a pressure surface for 'said valve of greater area than the wall of ille groove at thc contracted portion of the valve, a passage from said pressure surfaceto the piston chalnber, a passage from the air supply to'the piston chamber, a passage to the exhaust from the piston chamber, the pistonV in its movement being adapted alternately to connect the pressure surface passage with the air pressure supply and exhaust, and intermediate thereof to trap the air in'said passage. I

5, In a pneumatictool, in combination, a valve cham- 'ber and a piston chamber, a piston in the piston chamber, and a hollow valvev in the valve chamber, the interior of which communicates with the piston chamber, said valve having a circumferential groove and a contracted portion beyond said groove, a passage or passages through 'the wall of said groove toward lthe contracted portion of the valve, a passage having openings into the valveI chamber on one side thereof at different points, `said passage extending to the piston chamber, passages from the other side of the valve chamber, one to the live air, the otherV to the exhaust, said passages being at points in the valve chambercorresponding respectively tothe piston chamber' passage openings, the groove in the valve being adapted, in its movement in one direction, to connect one piston chamber passage opening with the exhaust and in 'its movement ,in the other direction, to connect the other piston chamber passage opening with the pressure supply, a second circumferential groove 'in' said valve, orifices through the wall of said groove to the passage to the exhaust adapted alternately in the reciprocation of the valve, to register with the last mentioned groovel f 6. In a pneumatic tool, in combination, a valve chamber and a piston chamber, a piston in the 'piston chamber, and a hollow valve in the valve chamber, the interior of which communicates with the piston chamber, said. valve having a circumferential groove and a'contracted portion beyond said groove, a passage or passages through the wall of said groove toward the contracted portion of the valve, a pussage having openings into the valve chamber on one side thereof at different points, said passage extending to the piston chamber, passages from the other side of the valve chamber, one to'the live air, the other to the exhaust, said passages belngat points in the valve chamber corresponding respectively to the piston chamber `passage openings, the, groove in the` valve being adapted, in its movement in one direction, to connect4 one piston chamber passage opening with the exhaust and in itsmovement .in the other diing with the pressure supply, a second circumferential groove in said valve, orifices through the wall of said groove to the interior of the valve, a passage to the air supply, and a passage to the exhaust adapted, alternately in the reciprocation of the valve, toregister with the last mentioned groove, the rst mentioned groove, moving beyond its air supply before the last mentioned groove fully connects with its air supply. f

7. In a pneumatic tool, in combination, .a valve chamber and a piston chamber, a piston incthe piston chamber, and a hollow valve in the valve chamber, the interior ofwhich communicates with the piston chamber, saidvvalve having a circumferential groove and a contracted portion :beyond said groove, a passage or passages through the wall of said groove toward the contracted portion of the valve, a passage having openings into the valve chamber on one side thereof at diterent points, said passage extending tothe piston chamber, passages from the other side of the valve chamber, one to the live air, therother to the exhaust, said passages being at points in the valve chamber corresponding respectively to the piston ,chamber passage openings, the groove i'n the valve4 being adapted, in its movement in ing with the exhaust and in itA movement in the other di rectlon, to connect the other piston chamber passage open- `ing with the pressure supply,-a pressure surface for s aid valve grter area than the wail of the groove at 'the rection, to connect the other piston chamber passage open' one direction', to connect one piston chamber passage open' interior of the valve, a passage, to the air supply, and a contracted portion of the valve, and means to relieve the pressure on said surface `when the groove is in connection with the live air passage, a second circumferential groove in said valve, orifices through the wall of said groove to the interior of the valve, a passage to the air supply, and a passage to the exhaust adapted al?'ernatclykiinmtbe reciprocation of the valve, to register wr the last mentioned groove.

8. In a pneumaticitool, in comhination, a valve chamber and a piston chamber, a piston in the pistogi chamber, and a hollow valve in the valve chamber, the inf Iior of which communicates with the pistonV chamber, said valve having a circumferential groove and a contracted portion beyond said groove, a passage or passages through the wall of said ,groove toward the contracted portion of the valve, a pas sage having openings lato the valve chamber on one side thereof at different: points, said passage extending to the piston chamber, passages from the other side of the valve chamber, one to the live air, the other to the exhaust, said passages being at points in the valve chamber corresrnmd-l ing respectively to the piston chamber passage openings,

the groove in the valve being adapted, in its movement in one direction, to connect one piston chamber passage opening with the exhaust and in its movement in the other di rection, to connect the other piston chamber passage opening with-the pressure supply, a pressure surface for said valve of greater area than the Wall of the groove at the contracted portion et the valve, a passage from said pressure surface to the piston chamber, a passage from the air supply to the piston chamber, o. passage to the exhaust from the plstonchamber, the piston in its movement be' ing adapted, alternately to connectv the pressure surface passage with the air pressure supply and exhaust, a second circumferential groove in said valve, orilices through the wall of said groove to the interior of the valve, a passage to the air supply, and apassage to the exhaust adapted, alternately ln the reciprocation of the valve, toV register with the last mentioned groove.

9. In a pneumatic tool, in combination, a valve chamber and a piston chamber, a piston in the piston chamber, and a hollow valve in the valve chamber, the interior of which communicates with the piston chamber, said valve having a circumferential groove and a contracted portion beyond said groove, n passage or passages through lhe wall of said muove toward the contracted portion of the valve, a passage having openings into. the valve chamber on one side thereof at different points, said passage extending to the piston chamber, passages from the other side ot the valve chamber, one to the live air, the other to the exhaust, said passages being at. points in the valve chamber corresponding respectively to the piston chamber passage openings, the groove in the valve being adapted, in its movement in one direction, to connect one piston chamber passage opening with the exhaust and in its movement in the other direction, to connect the other piston chamber passage opening with thc pressure supply; a pressure surface for said valve of greater area than the wall of the groove at the contracted portion of the valve, a passage from said pressure surface to the piston chamber, a passage from the air supply to thc piston chamber, a passage to the exhaust from the pistou chamber, the piston in its movement being adapted alternately to connect the pressure surface pas sage with the air pressure supply and exhaust, and, intermediate thereof, to trap the air in said passage, a second circumferential groove in said valve, orillces through the wall of said groove to the interior of the valve, a pa. ,age to the air supply, and a passage to the exhaust adapted, alternately in the reciprocation ofthe valve, to register with the lastimeutioued groove.

10. In combination, a pistou chamber, and a valve chamber. a piston in the piston chamber, a hollow valve iu the valve chamber, the interior ot which communicates with the piston chamber, said valve havin;ltwo pressure l surfaces, connection to one pressure surface ou the exterior of the valve and a second cmmectziou to the other pressure surface independent of the first mentioned connection through the interior ot the valve, means to admit prt. irc successively to said pressure surfaces lo move .and complete the movement of the valve ln one direction.

cessivcly to said pressure surfaces lo move and complete the movement ot' the valve ia one. direction, and means to cut oil the air pressure to the iirst liu-ut ioned pressure rface, when air is admitted tio the second mentioned prossure surface.

1n testimony ot' which inventiop, l have hereunto set my hand, at Philadelphia, on this 10th day of March, 1906.

\Vll'ill lllu II. VAN SlCKlGll. Witnesses M. M. 'IIAMii/rox, FRANK S. )"uliassnn. 

